The War on Poverty was a set of legislation and programs introduced by President Lyndon B. Johnson in the 1960s aimed at reducing poverty in the United States. A key component of the War on Poverty was the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, which established programs such as Head Start, Job Corps, and Community Action Agencies to provide education, job training, and other forms of assistance to low-income individuals and communities.

In Black history, the War on Poverty had a significant impact as it targeted many of the systemic issues that disproportionately affected African Americans, such as lack of access to quality education and economic opportunities. Programs like Head Start helped to level the playing field for Black children by providing early childhood education and nutrition services, while the Job Corps offered job training and work experience to unemployed youth, including many Black Americans.

While the War on Poverty made strides in addressing poverty and inequality, its impact was limited by various factors, including political opposition, funding cuts, and the ongoing challenges of systemic racism. Despite these challenges, the War on Poverty remains an important part of Black history as a landmark effort to address economic disparities and create opportunities for marginalized communities.