The War on Poverty was a set of social programs and initiatives aimed at reducing poverty and improving the quality of life for all Americans, particularly those living in poverty. It was launched by President Lyndon B. Johnson in the 1960s as part of his Great Society domestic agenda.

The War on Poverty was significant in Black history because it coincided with the Civil Rights Movement and aimed to address the systemic inequalities and barriers that were disproportionately affecting African Americans. Programs such as Head Start, Job Corps, and the Community Action Program provided education, job training, and economic opportunities to disadvantaged communities.

While the War on Poverty had some success in lifting many Americans out of poverty, critics argue that it fell short of its goals and did not adequately address the root causes of poverty. Despite its limitations, the War on Poverty marked a significant effort to combat systemic poverty and inequality in the United States, particularly within the Black community.